FREE IGNOU BPSE-146 SOLVED ASSIGNMENT 2023-24
- Social Identity Theory of Conflict:
The Social Identity Theory of Conflict, developed by Henri Tajfel and John Turner in the 1970s, explores how social identity and group membership contribute to intergroup conflict. This theory suggests that people tend to categorize themselves and others into social groups based on shared characteristics, such as race, nationality, religion, or even sports team allegiance. These social groups become a significant part of an individual’s identity.
Key elements of the Social Identity Theory of Conflict include:
a. Social Categorization: People categorize themselves and others into “in-groups” (groups they belong to) and “out-groups” (groups they do not belong to). This categorization simplifies the social world and helps individuals define their identity.
b. Social Identification: Individuals not only categorize themselves but also identify with their in-groups. This identification leads to a sense of belonging and self-esteem based on the perceived superiority of their group.
c. Social Comparison: People tend to compare their in-group favorably to out-groups, often exaggerating the positive qualities of their own group while downplaying those of others. This comparison can lead to prejudice and bias.
d. Intergroup Conflict: When individuals strongly identify with their in-group, conflicts can arise when they perceive threats or competition from out-groups. These conflicts can range from mild tensions to hostile confrontations.
e. In-Group Bias: In-group bias refers to the tendency of individuals to favor members of their own group over those from out-groups. This bias can exacerbate intergroup conflicts and contribute to discrimination.
The Social Identity Theory of Conflict helps explain how group identities and the desire for positive social identity can lead to intergroup conflicts. It emphasizes that conflicts are not merely a result of individual personality traits but are deeply rooted in social and group dynamics. Understanding this theory can be valuable for conflict resolution efforts, as it highlights the importance of addressing issues related to identity, group membership, and prejudice when attempting to reduce intergroup conflicts.
