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Chandrabati, also known as Chandrabhaga Devi, was a medieval Bengali poet and the author of “Chandrabhati Ramayana,” a retelling of the Hindu epic Ramayana in the Bengali language. Her rendition of the Ramayana presents a distinct and unique perspective compared to other traditional retellings. One of the notable features of Chandrabhati’s Ramayana is the portrayal of Sita, the central female character, and the exploration of women’s agency and emotions.

Changed Perspective on Sita: Chandrabhati’s Ramayana shifts the focus from the heroic exploits of Rama to the inner emotional world of Sita. The text provides a nuanced and empathetic portrayal of Sita’s experiences, highlighting her thoughts, feelings, and struggles. Unlike many earlier versions of the Ramayana, where Sita’s character often serves as a passive and obedient wife, Chandrabhati’s rendition portrays her as a strong, independent, and resilient woman.

1. Sita’s Agency: Chandrabhati’s Sita is not simply a victim of circumstances; she actively engages with her challenges and asserts her agency. For example, in the “Swayamvara” (marriage ceremony) episode, Sita willingly participates and chooses Rama as her husband, challenging societal norms of that time.
2. Emotional Depth: Chandrabhati delves into Sita’s emotional turmoil, especially during her time in captivity in Lanka. The text explores Sita’s pain, loneliness, and inner conflicts. This focus on Sita’s emotions humanizes her character and gives readers insight into the psychological impact of her experiences.
3. Dialogue and Expression: In Chandrabhati’s Ramayana, Sita is given more opportunities for dialogue and self-expression. This allows readers to understand her perspective and thoughts, making her a more relatable and three-dimensional character.
4. Empathy and Compassion: The text underscores the importance of empathy and compassion, drawing attention to the suffering of women in a patriarchal society. Chandrabhati’s portrayal of Sita invites readers to empathize with her challenges and recognize the need for greater understanding and support for women.

Chandrabhati’s reinterpretation of the Ramayana challenges traditional gender roles and norms, highlighting the significance of women’s experiences and emotions. By giving voice to Sita and emphasizing her agency and resilience, Chandrabhati’s Ramayana contributes to a more inclusive and diverse understanding of the epic’s characters and themes.

It’s important to note that while Chandrabhati’s perspective differs from some earlier versions of the Ramayana, the portrayal of Sita in her text also reflects broader cultural and social changes in medieval Bengali society. Chandrabhati’s work contributes to the ongoing evolution of the Ramayana narrative and its interpretation, reflecting the dynamic nature of storytelling and its ability to adapt to different times and contexts.