FREE IGNOU BSOG-173 SOLVED ASSIGNMENT 2023-24
6. Evolution: Evolution is the fundamental process by which species change over time through the mechanism of natural selection. It is the cornerstone of modern biology, first proposed by Charles Darwin in his groundbreaking work, “On the Origin of Species,” in 1859.
The theory of evolution explains how populations of organisms adapt to their environment, leading to the emergence of new species and the extinction of others. It operates on the principles of variation, heritability, competition, and differential survival. Over generations, beneficial traits become more prevalent in a population, promoting its ability to survive and reproduce.
