FREE IGNOU MPSE-001 SOLVED ASSIGNMENT 2023-24

1. Security and Terrorism: One of India’s foremost concerns in South Asia is the threat of terrorism and extremism. The region has witnessed the rise of various terrorist groups that pose a significant risk to India’s security. Cross-border terrorism emanating from Pakistan has been a persistent challenge, with groups like Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) and Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) orchestrating attacks on Indian soil. India is concerned about these groups receiving support and safe havens in neighboring countries, which undermines regional stability and security.
2. Territorial and Border Disputes: Territorial disputes and border tensions with neighboring countries remain a major concern for India. The unresolved boundary issue with China, as well as disputes with Pakistan over areas like Jammu and Kashmir, have led to occasional military standoffs and diplomatic challenges. Managing these disputes and preventing escalations is crucial for maintaining peace and stability in the region.
3. Influence of External Powers: India is wary of the growing influence of external powers, particularly China, in South Asia. China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) includes infrastructure projects in countries like Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Nepal, which could potentially challenge India’s strategic interests and economic influence. India is concerned about encirclement and attempts to limit its regional role through these external engagements.
4. Economic Development and Connectivity: India seeks to promote economic development and connectivity within the region. Initiatives like the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) are aimed at enhancing trade, investment, and people-to-people connections. However, challenges such as unequal development, trade imbalances, and limited regional integration hinder these efforts.
5. Internal Instability and Political Transitions: Instability and political transitions in neighboring countries can have implications for India’s security and stability. Civil conflicts, ethnic tensions, and governance challenges in countries like Afghanistan, Nepal, and Sri Lanka can potentially spill over into India and impact its domestic security environment. India is concerned about the rise of radical ideologies and the potential for these conflicts to exacerbate existing regional tensions.
6. Water Resource Management: South Asia is home to several major river systems that traverse multiple countries. India’s concerns about water resource management, especially regarding shared rivers like the Indus and the Brahmaputra, involve ensuring equitable distribution and addressing potential environmental and geopolitical challenges. Disagreements over water usage can lead to tensions and impact regional cooperation.
7. Humanitarian and Developmental Concerns: India is committed to addressing humanitarian and developmental challenges in the region. Issues such as poverty, healthcare, education, and disaster management require collaborative efforts among South Asian countries. India’s concerns extend to supporting its neighbors in their socio-economic development and capacity-building to foster stability and regional progress.

In conclusion, India’s major concerns in South Asia encompass a wide range of issues, including security, stability, economic development, regional cooperation, and countering external influences. As a key player in the region, India seeks to balance its national interests with the imperatives of promoting peace, stability, and development in its neighborhood. Managing these concerns through diplomatic engagement, cooperation, and conflict resolution is essential for fostering a secure and prosperous South Asia.