FREE IGNOU BHIC-102 SOLVED ASSIGNMENT 2022-23

7) Sources and Methods of Archaeological Research: Archaeological research involves uncovering and analyzing past human activities through the study of artifacts, structures, and landscapes. Sources include artifacts (tools, pottery), ecofacts (plant/animal remains), features (architectural elements), and texts. Stratigraphy is a method that studies layers to establish chronological order. Radiocarbon dating estimates age using organic materials’ decay. Dendrochronology utilizes tree rings.

Remote sensing (LiDAR, satellite imagery) aids in landscape mapping. Excavations unearth artifacts and provide context. Geophysical surveys detect subsurface features. Experimental archaeology tests hypotheses by replicating ancient techniques. Ethnoarchaeology studies modern communities to understand past behaviors. Historical records and oral traditions provide valuable insights. Challenges include biases, preservation issues, and ethical considerations when working with indigenous communities. Combining various sources and methods enriches interpretations of ancient societies and their lifestyles.