FREE IGNOU BHIC-101 SOLVED ASSIGNMENT 2022-23

10. Saptang Theory: The Saptang Theory, also known as the theory of seven limbs, is an ancient Indian treatise on statecraft and governance. It is primarily associated with the Arthashastra, an ancient Indian political and economic text attributed to Chanakya (Kautilya), who was the chief advisor to Chandragupta Maurya, the founder of the Mauryan Empire.

According to the Saptang Theory, a successful and stable state should be supported by seven essential pillars or limbs. These seven limbs are:

1. Swami (King or Ruler)
2. Amatya (Ministers and Council of Advisors)
3. Janapada (Territory and People)
4. Durga (Fortifications and Defenses)
5. Kosha (Treasury and Resources)
6. Danda (Punishment and Law Enforcement)
7. Mitra (Allies and External Relations)

The theory emphasizes the interdependence and efficient functioning of these seven limbs for effective governance and security of the state. It highlights the significance of a strong and just administration, robust defenses, adequate resources, and maintaining favorable external relations to ensure the welfare and stability of the kingdom. The Saptang Theory remains a valuable historical insight into ancient Indian political thought and practices.