FREE IGNOU MHI-02 Solved QUESTION Paper DECEMBER 2022
4. Decolonization and Approaches: Decolonization refers to the process through which colonies gained independence from their colonial rulers. Different approaches to decolonization include:
- Negotiated Decolonization: This approach involves diplomatic negotiations between colonial powers and nationalist leaders. It aims to achieve a peaceful transfer of power and the establishment of new sovereign states. India’s independence from British rule through negotiations is an example.
- Revolutionary Decolonization: Some colonies achieved independence through armed struggle and revolutionary movements. Countries like Algeria fought against French colonial rule, leading to eventual independence.
- Institutional Decolonization: This approach focuses on building the necessary institutions for self-governance and independence before seeking formal separation from the colonial power. This approach was followed by many African nations upon gaining independence.
- United Nations Involvement: The United Nations played a role in facilitating decolonization through its support for self-determination and decolonization initiatives. It provided a platform for colonial territories to seek international recognition and assistance in their quest for independence.
