IGNOU BEGC-108 SOLVED ASSIGNMENT 2023-24

i) Historical Circumstances of 17th and 18th Century England:

The 17th and 18th centuries were transformative periods in English history, marked by significant political, social, and cultural changes. The 17th century saw the English Civil War (1642-1651), which pitted Parliamentarians against Royalists and resulted in the temporary establishment of a republican government under Oliver Cromwell. This era also included the Glorious Revolution of 1688, when William of Orange and Mary overthrew King James II, leading to a constitutional monarchy and the Bill of Rights in 1689.

The 18th century was characterized by the rise of the British Empire, with England becoming a global superpower through colonial expansion, trade, and military conquest. The Industrial Revolution transformed the economy, leading to urbanization, the growth of the middle class, and technological advancements. The 18th century also witnessed the American Revolution (1775-1783), which led to the loss of the American colonies.